SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Toffoli,Daniel; Hrbek,Tomas; Araújo,Maria Lúcia Góes de; Almeida,Maurício Pinto de; Charvet-Almeida,Patricia; Farias,Izeni Pires.

DNA barcoding is a recently proposed global standard in taxonomy based on DNA sequences. The two main goals of DNA barcoding methodology are assignment of specimens to a species and discovery of new species. There are two main underlying assumptions: i) reciprocal monophyly of species, and ii) intraspecific divergence is always less than interspecific divergence. Here we present a phylogenetic analysis of the family Potamotrygonidae based on mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I gene, sampling 10 out of the 18 to 20 valid species including two non-described species. Potamotrygonidae systematics is still not fully resolved with several still-to-be-described species while some other species are difficult to delimit due to overlap in morphological characters...

Color pattern variation in Cichla temensis (Perciformes: Cichlidae): resolution based on morphological, molecular, and reproductive data

Palavras-chave: Potamotrygon; Barcoding; Radiation; Phylogenetics; COI; MtDNA.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572008000200028

Reiss,Paul; Able,Kenneth W.; Nunes,Mario S.; Hrbek,Tomas.

Morphological variants of Cichla temensis, readily differentiated by their striking color pattern differences, are found in several Amazon basin flood pulse river systems. The adult variants have at times been thought to represent different species or sexual dimorphism. A three part study was performed in two regions in Brazil (rio Igapó Açú and rio Caures) to elucidate the nature of the variants. In part one; selected diagnostic morphometric characters were compared intraspecifically among the variants and interspecifically with C. monoculus and C. orinocensis. All of the C. temensis variants were found to differ significantly from their sympatric congeners while not differing among each other. In part two, mitochondrial DNA samples were compared...

Evidence of polygamy in the socially monogamous Amazonian fish Arapaima gigas (Schinz, 1822) (Osteoglossiformes, Arapaimidae)

Palavras-chave: Gonadosomatic index; Mitochondrial DNA; Neotropical fish; Secondary sexual characteristics.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252012000100006

Farias,Izeni Pires; Leão,Adam; Almeida,Yane Santos; Verba,Júlia Tovar; Crossa M.,Marcelo; Honczaryk,Alexandre; Hrbek,Tomas.

Arapaima gigas is one of the largest freshwater fishes of the world. It is socially monogamous, forming pairs, constructing a nest and providing parental care. We performed a paternity analysis under three scenarios in captive, semi-natural and natural areas using 10 microsatellite markers. As a positive control, we analyzed three pairs and their offspring isolated individually in artificial breeding ponds (a priori very high probability of monogamy). We then analyzed two samples of offspring from large artificial ponds with multiple adults but only one reproductive pair (a priori high probability of monogamy), two samples from semi-natural breeding station with multiple adults but only one reproductive pair (a priori high probability of monogamy), and a...

Genomic resources for the conservation and management of the harpy eagle (Harpia harpyja, Falconiformes, Accipitridae)

Palavras-chave: Mate choice; Microsatellites; Multiple paternity; Pirarucu; Polygamy.

Ano: 2015

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252015000100195

Banhos,Aureo; Hrbek,Tomas; Gravena,Waleska; Sanaiotti,Tânia; Farias,Izeni P..

We report the characterization and optimization of 45 heterologous microsatellite loci, and the development of a new set of molecular sex markers for the conservation and management of the Neotropical harpy eagle (Harpia harpyja L. 1758). Of the 45 microsatellites tested, 24 were polymorphic, six monomorphic, 10 uncharacterizable due to multiple bands and five did not amplify. The observed gene diversity of the analyzed sample of H. harpyja was low and similar to that of other threatened Falconiformes. While a high proportion of the microsatellite markers were highly variable, individuals of H. harpyja could be differentiated by a joint analysis of just three (p = 2.79 x 10-4) or four markers (p = 2.89 x 10-5). Paternity could be rejected with 95.23% and...

Integrative taxonomy reveals a new species of pacu (Characiformes: Serrasalmidae: Myloplus) from the Brazilian Amazon

Palavras-chave: Conservation genetics; Harpia harpyja; Microsatellites; Raptors; Sex markers.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572008000100025

Ota,Rafaela Priscila; Machado,Valéria Nogueira; Andrade,Marcelo C.; Collins,Rupert A.; Farias,Izeni Pires; Hrbek,Tomas.

ABSTRACT Pacus of the genus Myloplus represent a formidable taxonomic challenge, and particularly so for the case of M. asterias and M. rubripinnis, two widespread and common species that harbor considerable morphological diversity. Here we apply DNA barcoding and multiple species discovery methods to find candidate species in this complex group. We report on one well-supported lineage that is also morphologically and ecologically distinct. This lineage represents a new species that can be distinguished from congeners by the presence of dark chromatophores on lateral-line scales, which gives the appearance of a black lateral line. It can be further diagnosed by having 25-29 branched dorsal-fin rays (vs. 18-24), 89-114 perforated scales from the...

Molecular diagnosis of the arowanas Osteoglossum ferreirai Kanazawa, 1966 and O. bicirrhossum (Cuvier, 1829) from the Orinoco and Amazon River basins

Palavras-chave: COI gene; Cryptic species; Myloplus asterias; Myloplus rubripinnis; Neotropical.

Ano: 2020

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252020000100214

L.,María Doris Escobar; Farias,Izeni P.; B.,Donald C. Taphorn; Landines,Miguel; Hrbek,Tomas.

The arowanas, fishes of Gondwanan origin, are represented in South America by the genus Osteoglossum. All species were initially reported as being exclusive to the Amazon region, with O. ferreirai restricted to the Negro River basin and O. bicirrhosum to the Amazon and Essequibo Rivers basin. Starting in the mid 1970's it was reported that O. ferreirai also occurs in the Orinoco River basin. In all regions the arowanas assumed significant socio-economic importance due to their popularity in the international ornamental fish trade, leading to over-exploitation of both species in some areas. The Orinoco populations are particularly heavily exploited, and thus conservation and management measures are needed. Both depend on the clarification of taxonomic...

Phylogenetic relationships of the neon tetras Paracheirodon spp. (Characiformes: Characidae: Stethaprioninae), including comments on Petitella georgiae and Hemigrammus bleheri

Palavras-chave: Aruana; Biological introduction; Black arowana; Silver arowana.

Ano: 2013

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252013000200335

Bittencourt,Pedro Senna; Machado,Valéria Nogueira; Marshall,Bruce Gavin; Hrbek,Tomas; Farias,Izeni Pires.

ABSTRACT Neon tetras (Paracheirodon spp.) are three colorful characid species with a complicated taxonomic history, and relationships among the species are poorly known. Molecular data resolved the relationships among the three neon tetras, and strongly supported monophyly of the genus and its sister taxon relationship to Brittanichthys. Additionally, the sister-taxon relationship of the rummy-nose tetras Hemigrammus bleheri and Petitella georgiae was strongly supported by molecular and morphological data. Therefore, we propose to transfer the rummy-nose tetras H. bleheri and H. rhodostomus to the genus Petitella. Furthermore, Petitella georgiae is likely to be a species complex comprised of at least two species.

Population genetic analysis of Caiman crocodilus (Linnaeus, 1758) from South America

Palavras-chave: Blood-red tetras; Characids; Neon tetras; Phylogeny; Rummy-nose tetras.

Ano: 2020

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252020000200213

Vasconcelos,William R.; Hrbek,Tomas; Silveira,Ronis da; Thoisy,Benoit de; Marioni,Boris; Farias,Izeni P..

The genetic structure of Caiman crocodilus was investigated using a 1085 bp mtDNA fragment of the cytochrome b gene. Inferences were based on 125 individuals from nine localities in Peru, Brazil and French Guiana. With the exception of Mamirauá Lake, Anavilhanas Archipelago and the Tapará Community which show a signal of demographic expansion, the sampled localities are in a mutation-drift genetic equilibrium. Divergence between the Amazon basin and extra-Amazon basin localities is significant; however, inference from Nested Clade Analysis cannot distinguish between continuous range expansion, long distance colonization or past fragmentation; however, past fragmentation is unlikely due to low number of mutational steps separating these two regions. The...

Species richness and composition of snake assemblages in poorly accessible areas in the Brazilian Amazonia

Palavras-chave: Genetic structure; Phylogeography; Genetic diversity; Demographic expansion; Cytochrome b; Caiman crocodilus.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572006000200006

Biota Neotropica

Frazão,Luciana; Oliveira,Maria Ermelinda; Menin,Marcelo; Campos,Juliana; Almeida,Alexandre; Kaefer,Igor L.; Hrbek,Tomas.

Abstract: Snakes are a diverse group of terrestrial vertebrates of the order Squamata. Despite that, in the Amazonian biome, information about distribution and identification of snakes is limited when compared to other groups. Additionally, in Amazonia there is a sampling bias towards areas geographically close to urban centers and more densely populated areas. This in turn leads to false distribution gaps in poorly accessible areas of Amazonia. In this article we report the composition of snake assemblages in six areas of the Brazilian Amazonia, based on field sampling conducted over four years using standardized methods. We sampled 70 species from eight families: Typhlopidae (n=1), Leptotyphlopidae (n=1), Anillidae (n=1), Boidae (n=5), Colubridae (n=15),...

The complete mitochondrial genome of the pirarucu (Arapaima gigas, Arapaimidae, Osteoglossiformes)

Palavras-chave: Amazon Basin; Brazil; Ophidia; Sampling methods; Squamata.

Ano: 2020

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032020000100207

Hrbek,Tomas; Farias,Izeni Pires.

We sequenced the complete mitochondrial genome of the pirarucu, Arapaima gigas, the largest fish of the Amazon basin, and economically one of the most important species of the region. The total length of the Arapaima gigas mitochondrial genome is 16,433 bp. The mitochondrial genome contains 13 protein-coding genes, two rRNA genes and 22 tRNA genes. Twelve of the thirteen protein-coding genes are coded on the heavy strand, while nad6 is coded on the light strand. The Arapaima gene order and content is identical to the common vertebrate form, as is codon usage and base composition. Its control region is atypical in being short at 767 bp. The control region also contains a conserved ATGTA motif recently identified in the Asian arowana, three conserved...